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Mediating between Heaven and Earth: Communication with the Divine in the Ancient near East is unavailable, but you can change that!

In this volume experts analyze the variety of means by which humans historically sought to communicate with their gods and by which the gods were seen to communicate with their worshippers. In a departure from previous scholarship, this work brings together the study of prophecy, as an intuitive form of divination, with the study of technical methods of communication and other forms of...

The word for sin in Sumerian is nam-tag, corresponding to the Akkadian arnu, the etymology of which is obscure. The Sumerian word is attested with certainty already in the archaic royal inscriptions of the city of Lagaš (around 2500 B.C.E.), especially in an inscription of the king Erikagina: “There is no sin on the part of Erikagina, the king of Ĝirsu. May Nisaba, the (personal) goddess of Lugalzagesi, the governor of Umma, do put all the sins on his (= Lugalzagesi’s) shoulders.” In this excerpt,
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